青海扁茎早熟禾混播草地生产性能与种间关系的研究

为了探究早熟禾混播草地种间关系与生产特征,使用‘青海’中华羊茅（Festuca sinensis ‘Qinghai’）、'青牧1号’老芒麦（Elymus sibiricus ‘Qingmu No.1’）、‘同德’小花碱茅（Puccinellia tenuiflora ‘Tongde’）分别与‘青海’扁茎早熟禾（Poa pratensis var. anceps Gaund.‘Qinghai’）混播,在海北州西海镇开展了植株形态特征、生物量积累和分配、混播草地养分特征等研究。结果表明：使用老芒麦与早熟禾混播具有较高的生产性能。该处理相较于老芒麦单播草地的粗蛋白与总磷含量,分别提高7.51%与14.50%。相对饲用价值较早熟禾单播草地提高34.12%。因此,为解决青海扁茎早熟禾单播草地生产力不足的问题可以选用老芒麦与早熟禾进行混播。使用碱茅与早熟禾混播具有较高的种间相容性,因此碱茅与早熟禾混播具有较高的群落稳定性与产量稳定性。选用碱茅与早熟禾进行混播可以用于建植以生态治理为目的的混播草地。     

Describing Human–Wildlife Interaction from a European Perspective

European researchers from both the natural and social sciences show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. A wealth of theoretical frameworks, concepts, and methods are used, but an integration of perspectives is lacking. This research note summarizes results from two workshops that included 63 delegates from 25 European countries, as well as a follow-up survey of 41 respondents. Two main theoretical approaches to the study of human–wildlife interactions were identified. One approach focuses on the collective societal level relying on theories of governance, social representation, deliberative procedures, and commons theory. The other approach targets individuals or groups, and is based on theories such as the cognitive hierarchy, theory of reasoned action, and theory of planned behavior. Interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to identify the best options for wildlife conservation and management in a more politically integrated Europe.     

New Algorithms for Data Discretization Based on Rough Set Theory

The discretization of real values is always one of the key problems to be solved in the domain of machine learning for its great contribution to speeding up the followed learning algorithms, cutting down the real demand of algorithms on running space and time, and improving the clustering capability of the ultimate learning results. The basic characteristics and framework of discretization approaches based on rough set model are analyzed at first, then the different measurements of the importance of candidate cuts are discussed and researched. Two new heuristic algorithms are put forward to finally select the useful cuts from a candidate set. The selected cuts of the two algorithms will adequately maintain the discernible relation of information systems for their full considering the specialty of rough set, which perfectly embodies the advantages of this theory. Moreover, excellent discretization results may be expected through these heuristic algorithms.     

面粉品质性状与速冻水饺品质关系的研究

对7种面粉的化学成分、面团流变学特性等指标进行测定,详细分析了各项指标与速冻水饺品质的相关关系,得出适合生产速冻水饺的面粉的最佳特性指标。并通过比较分析对黑龙江省地产小麦粉生产速冻水饺的适用性进行评价。     

一对等位基因互作控制的核雄性不育性

通过遗传工程能够产生由两个基因共同作用而形成的雄性不育。一个可以是能够导致雄性不育的基因,另一个可以是该雄性不育基因的活化基因,它们共同存在的时候表现雄性不育。利用位点特异性重组和转基因技术能够将这两个基因安排在植物同源染色体的相同位置上表达,成为等位基因,而获得分别只具有其中一个基因的两转基因系。它们之间杂交,F1中两个基因同时存在,F1产生雄性不育而成为不育系。常规品系与此F1不育系杂交,在杂种植株中,这两个基因不能同时存在,所有植株育性恢复。利用光温敏核不育性,化学杀雄和人工去雄可解决此不育系繁殖问题。该雄性不育性利用方式优越,育种简便易行,能够满足对最佳组合选育的要求,且能够定向培育目标杂交组合。     

基于ITS序列的曼陀罗属植物的分类学研究

根据曼陀罗属核糖体基因转录间隔区(ITS)序列设计通用引物,得到33个不同来源的曼陀罗属植物的ITS序列,并以小天仙子(Hyoscyamus bohemicus)为外群,应用遗传距离与系统树分析法对曼陀罗属植物之间的分类进行了初步探讨。结果表明:在供试样品中,紫花曼陀罗(Datura tatula)和曼陀罗(Daturastramonium)的ITS序列完全相同;多刺曼陀罗(Datura ferox)、栎叶曼陀罗(Datura quercifolia)和曼陀罗(Datura stramonium)之间的亲缘关系很近;紫花曼陀曼(Datura tatula)、曼陀罗(Datura stramonium)、无刺曼陀罗(Datura inermis)和光滑曼陀罗(Datura laevis)4个种间不存在遗传距离;传统分类中曼陀罗属的Dutra亚属内除光曼陀罗(Datura leichhardtii)和异色曼陀罗(Datura discolor)在ITS序列表现为比较独立的2个种外,其他各种间的亲缘关系也较近;在ITS序列上湿地曼陀罗(Datura ceratocaula)与曼陀罗(Daturastramonium...     

论技术创新的社会影响

技术创新带来了现代社会的巨大变化——生产力由实体形态占主体向知识形态占主体转变，生产关系由实体性生产资料所有制占主体向以知识性生产资料所有制为主导的所有制转变，社会政治生活关系由封闭性、等级化转向科学化、民主化与法制化，社会生活由传统走向现代。